Glossary: morphology and phonology

See number.

(or syllable peak) The part of the syllable that is occupied by the vowel or diphthong. E.g. in the syllable /pak/, the vowel /a/ occupies the peak.

The one but last (=prefinal) position (as in "penultimate stress"). E.g. in the English word confidential, the syllable 'den' is penultimate.

See aspect.

See aspect.

How speakers use their language in real-life situations. Performance may be adversely affected by many factors, including fatigue, nervousness, or drunkenness. Contrasts with competence.

A multi-word phrase that cumulatively expresses some inflection, e.g. the English comparative 'more enthusiastic'.

The persistence of an aspect of the articulation of one sound into the following sound, for example, the laryngealization of a vowel after a glottal stop. Cf. anticipatory coarticulation.

Any of the three relations underlying discourse, which are distinguished in all languages: first person (speaker); second person (addressee); third person (neither the speaker nor the addressee).

An articulation involving the root of the tongue and the back wall of the pharynx, as in the Arabic [ ? ].